资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
最高检:2022年前11个月检察环节共追缴农民工欠薪约4.9亿元****** 春节临近,农民工工资支付逐渐进入高峰期,欠薪问题也易进入高发多发期。刚刚召开的国务院根治拖欠农民工工资工作领导小组全体会议再次强调,依法严厉惩处恶意欠薪行为,确保农民工及时足额拿到工资,加大农民工就业帮扶,对失业农民工、困难农民工及时予以失业补助、困难救助,兜牢基本民生底线。最高人民检察院第一检察厅负责人就2022年检察机关办理拒不支付劳动报酬犯罪案件的相关情况接受了记者的采访。 据介绍,在依法打击恶意欠薪过程中,检察机关能动履职,通过刑事检察从严惩处、民事检察支持起诉、行政检察督促履职、公益诉讼检察建议,为农民工工资筑起“四大检察”保护屏障。一方面,以刑事检察依法惩处恶意欠薪犯罪为核心,有效发挥刑罚的惩治和震慑作用,精准打击“以转移财产、逃匿等方法逃避支付劳动者报酬”等恶意欠薪行为。2022年1至11月,检察机关对情节恶劣、后果严重,经刑事立案追缴仍不履行支付义务的犯罪嫌疑人依法提起公诉897件999人。2022年1至11月,检察机关共监督公安机关立案拒不支付劳动报酬犯罪案件126件143人。 另一方面,刑事、民事、行政、公益诉讼四大检察融合执法,多措并举、协同发力,全力做好助力讨薪的追赃挽损工作,保障拖欠农民工工资报酬优先、及时、足额支付,让劳动者更“安薪”。2022年1至11月,检察环节依托刑事打击共追缴欠薪约4.9亿元。此外,通过民事支持起诉、行政检察监督专项活动等监督履职,帮助劳动者拿回更多“票子”,最大限度解决农民工最关心的利益问题。如,湖北兰某某拒不支付劳动报酬案,检察机关恪守客观公正立场,依法准确认定兰某某虽客观上未能在指定时间、地点接受调查,但其并未失联,主观上没有逃匿的故意,其行为不构成拒不支付劳动报酬犯罪。但为实质性解决拖欠农民工薪资问题,检察机关刑民联动、协同作战,通过民事支持起诉的方式,促成双方达成调解,最终足额支付了全部农民工工资,化解了社会矛盾,让被欠薪者真正不再“忧薪”。 拒不支付劳动报酬案件的涉案主体通常是民营企业负责人,检察机关承担着维护农民工合法权益和护航民营企业健康发展的双重职责。检察机关把依法保护劳动者合法权益与促进民营企业守法经营有机结合,在依法惩治恶意欠薪犯罪,帮助农民工追欠挽损的同时,注重改进办案方式方法,推动涉案企业合规整改,让企业发展更健康。近年来,受国际国内经济形势及疫情等多重因素叠加影响,根治欠薪工作较往年更为复杂、更为严峻,一些企业因自身经营遇到严重困难而导致欠薪情况时有发生。检察机关在办案中注意把握企业因资金周转困难拖欠劳动报酬与恶意欠薪的界限,坚持宽严相济为指导,依法贯彻落实少捕慎诉慎押刑事司法政策,通过适用非羁押强制措施、开展羁押必要性审查、充分适用认罪认罚从宽制度等举措,对自愿认罪悔罪、尽力补救支付劳动报酬的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人依法作出不捕不诉决定,及时变更羁押强制措施;对提起公诉的被告人依法提出轻缓刑的量刑建议,最大程度地减少因涉罪对企业正常生产经营的影响,助力企业纾困发展。如,在江苏潘某某拒不支付劳动报酬案中,检察机关对恶意欠薪后潜逃外地且归案后拒不认罪悔改的潘某某依法批准逮捕,同时动态审查把握潘某某的社会危险性变化等条件,在其积极认罪认罚、全部清偿拖欠工人工资并取得谅解后,依法及时向有关机关提出变更羁押强制措施的建议,潘某某被变更为取保候审,为工人持续就业提供了稳定工作环境。 2022年1至11月,全国检察机关共不批准逮捕拒不支付劳动报酬犯罪案件706件760人,不捕率为66.09%,较去年同期上升9.61个百分点,较其他刑事犯罪案件平均不捕率高23.20个百分点;共决定不起诉1202件1444人,不起诉率59.11%,同比上升11.75个百分点,较平均不起诉率高34.22个百分点。 作为根治拖欠农民工工资工作领导小组成员单位,检察机关立足自身职能,及时将办案中发现的行政监管不到位、管理漏洞等问题以制发检察建议等方式反馈给行政执法机关和行业主管部门以及相关涉案企业。如安徽省检察机关聚焦容易出现欠薪问题的房地产开发、教育培训以及网约车、外卖送餐、快递等新业态新领域,主动走访、对接人社部门和相关行业主管部门,共同建立涉农民工讨薪14项工作机制。浙江舟山市检察机关联合县劳动局组织对17家欠薪问题相对严重的用工单位集体约谈并制发《刑事合规风险告知书》,经督促提醒共有16家总包建设单位累计向21180名农民工发放工资款4.5亿余元。此次发布的5件典型案例中,有3件制发了检察建议,通过诉源治理推动建立根治欠薪长效机制,形成农民工合法权益保护大格局。 (总台央视记者 程琴) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |